Toroidal inductors and transformers
Toroidal inductors and transformers are passive electronic components, consisting of a circular ring (donut shaped) magnetic core of high magnetic permeabilitymaterial such as iron laminations, iron powder, or ferrite, around which wire is wound.
Advantages of toroidal windings
In general, a toroidal inductor/transformer is more compact and lighter than other shaped cores. This is especially the case for power devices.
Because the toroid is a closed-loop core it will have a higher magnetic field and thus higher inductance and Q factor than an inductor of the same value with a straight core (solenoid coils). This is because most of the magnetic field is contained within the core. By comparison, with an inductor with a straight core, the magnetic field emerging from one end of the core have a long path through air to enter the other end.
In addition, because the windings are relatively short a toroidal transformer will have a lower secondary impedance which will increase efficiency and electrical performance.
Due to the symmetry of a toroid, little magnetic flux escapes from the core (leakage flux). Thus a toroidal inductor/transformer, radiates less electromagnetic interference (EMI) which must be reduced to the levels defined by international standards to ensure that one equipment is able to work with other equipments.
A side effect in torus-shaped inductors is that, because the winding surrounds the central hole and the current traverses the winding in a circular direction, there is a weak poloidal magnetic flux that threads the “donut hole” in the center of the torus, in addition to the main toroidal flux direction parallel to the core of the torus.
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toroidal_inductors_and_transformers
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